Because they believe it is “normal,” women ignore irregular bleeding or pelvic pain. These symptoms are really signals of abnormal cell development in the uterus, commonly known as the “womb,” a major female reproductive organ.

The uterus includes a variety of cells that assist women in carrying a baby. Three common – and sometimes painful – diseases can occur when cells develop abnormally:

Fibroids (the most prevalent), uterine polyps, and adenomyosis are all forms of uterine fibroids.

Pain, irregular bleeding, and reproductive issues are all symptoms that can have a negative impact on a woman’s quality of life. Treatment is provided in the form of medicine or surgery, depending on the needs of the woman.

Uterus If you haven’t been able to get pregnant after trying for 12 months (for those below 35 years of age) or for 6 months (for those aged 36 and above), some tests can be done to help find the reason. Your hormone levels, your partner’s sperm, and your reproductive organs may all be tested by your doctor (ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus [womb]).

Your doctor will examine your uterus to ensure that nothing is blocking the fertilised egg (embryo) from implanting (attaching to the uterine lining) and growing.

Your uterus can be examined in a variety of ways by your doctor.

Vaginal Ultrasound: A tampon-like probe is inserted into the vagina to perform vaginal ultrasonography. The probe delivers sound waves to a screen, which displays an enlarged image of your uterus’s walls and lining, as well as your ovaries. Sonohysterogram is a procedure that uses sound waves to examine the uter (Saline Infusion Sonogram). This is a type of vaginal ultrasonography that is unique. A small amount of sterile fluid is injected into your uterus via the cervix (the lower portion of the uterus that opens into the vagina) using a thin plastic tube during this test. It allows your doctor to see the shape of the area inside your uterus (cavity).

Hysterosalpingogram (HSG): This test can provide information regarding the fallopian tubes and the uterus’s inside. Through the cervix, a little amount of a particular dye (that shows white on an x-ray) is injected into your uterus. An x-ray is obtained as the dye is injected to show the dye’s route through the uterus and fallopian tubes.

The doctor can use this test to determine the shape of the cavity and whether or not your fallopian tubes are open. During this procedure, you may suffer mild, moderate, or severe cramping.

Hysteroscopy: Your doctor examines your uterus with a hysteroscope, which is a small telescope attached to a camera. The hysteroscope is inserted via the cervix into the uterus. The doctor has a clear look within your uterus, giving him the most up-to-date information about the cavity.

Hysteroscopy is a procedure that is used to diagnose and treat a variety of problems. It can be done at a surgery center under general anesthesia.

Diagnostic Hysteroscopy: Hysteroscopy is sometimes done to diagnose a problem with the uterus. The doctor will insert the hysteroscope into the uterine cavity through the cervix. You and your doctor can both see the procedure on a monitor screen since the hysteroscope is connected to a camera. You may normally continue your normal activities after the operation, just as you would after a standard gynecologic exam. Afterward, you may have some spotting or watery fluid from your vaginal area.

Operative Hysteroscopy: Hysteroscopy can also be performed to remove abnormal tissue that may be causing reproductive issues or bleeding issues. It is performed under anaesthesia in a hospital or surgical centre operating room.

It typically takes about 1 hour. Because no incisions are made, there is usually very little discomfort afterward. Because the cervix has been stretched (dilated) to allow the hysteroscope to enter the uterus, your doctor may advise you not to swim, bathe in a tub, or place anything in your vagina for up to two weeks (this includes avoiding sexual intercourse, using tampons, and douching).

This precaution prevents infection by allowing the dilated cervix to return to its normal closed state.

Small growths of the tissue that lines the uterus are known as endometrial polyps. Polyps are prevalent and can have an impact on fertility as well as produce irregular bleeding. Depending on the size and location, polyps can be taken out in the physician’s office or an operating room.

Fibroids in the uterus are noncancerous growths in the uterine wall. They can cause severe bleeding and/or problems becoming and staying pregnant if they are inside the uterus. A hysteroscope can occasionally be used to remove these fibroids. Adhesions (scar tissue inside the uterus) can be removed in the hospital or in the operating room.

Your doctor may give you hormone medicine and/or insert a small balloon in your uterus for up to one week following surgery to prevent adhesions from forming again. To assess if scar tissue has returned, a follow-up hysteroscopy or other form of uterine test may be required.

The uterine septum is a piece of tissue dividing the uterus in half. It’s a uterine condition that some women are born with that can result in miscarriages. A uterine septum is commonly removed in the operating room via operational hysteroscopy. After the surgery, you may be given hormone medicine, and/or a small balloon may be implanted in the uterus to reduce scarring.

Hysteroscopy complications are uncommon. You might have an infection after the operation, and scar tissue could grow, requiring another hysteroscopy.

After the operation, most women will have some bleeding. Heavy bleeding should be reported to your doctor, as this may require medical attention. Because hysteroscopy uses fluid to allow your provider to see into your uterus, you run the risk of absorbing too much fluid from the uterus into your bloodstream.

The above diagnostic tests provide a sound platform to understand the condition of the uterus along with associated problems. It ensures an early, accurate diagnosis and patients can be relieved of the conditions by medicines, surgery.

We, at Pearl Women’s Hospital, provide this facility in-house, delivered by an expert team of Gynecologists, Laparoscopic surgeons, Anesthetists, and nurses.